Agreeableness and Gifts: Why Our Quiz Does Not Use It
Agreeableness describes how warm, trusting and cooperative a person tends to be. iGiftFinder's quiz does not measure or use agreeableness. We found no good evidence connecting it to gift preferences, it is hard to judge from outside, and a "sentimental gifts for agreeable people" rule would be a stereotype. We focus on three other traits: Openness, Conscientiousness and Extraversion.
What agreeableness means
It is one of the five broad Big Five personality traits. A widely used inventory splits it into three facets: compassion, respectfulness and trust.[1] People higher in agreeableness tend to be considerate and trusting. People lower tend to be more skeptical and more willing to disagree. Neither end is better, and a blunt, skeptical person can be a loyal and generous friend.
What the research says
- Shopping. In a nationally representative sample of 1,644 Norwegian adults, agreeableness was not significantly related to variety seeking or impulse buying.[2] An older study of shoppers at two Italian shopping centers linked agreeableness to enjoying shopping for its own sake, though its design was weak and the construct measured is different.[3]
- Giving gifts. One study of why people give gifts found that agreeableness correlated with the most reasons to give gifts of any trait examined. That describes the giver's motives, not what recipients like. We read only the abstract.[4]
- Tailored messages. In a survey of 324 people, ads written to appeal to a trait were rated as more effective by people high in that trait for four of the five traits (not neuroticism), which includes agreeableness. That is a rating of ads, not gifts.[5]
Where the evidence is thin
- We did not find a study linking agreeableness to which gifts recipients prefer.
- The nearest results concern the giver, not the receiver, or own-shopping habits with mixed results.
- A gift-giver's quick rating of someone else's agreeableness is likely to be rough, and people tend to hear this trait as praise or criticism.
- Describing a recipient as more or less agreeable can read as a judgment of their character, which is a poor basis for a gift.
Why the quiz does not use it
- Unsupported for this use. The evidence we found does not connect it to what recipients like.
- Hard to observe. It is harder for a gift-giver to answer neutral, factual questions about it than about, say, whether the person likes trying new things.
- Stereotype risk. "Agreeable people like sentimental gifts" is a common claim and we found nothing to support it.
- A short quiz. We keep personality to six questions so that interests and budget do the heavy lifting.
If you want to think about it anyway: whether someone prefers warm, personal touches is something you can observe directly, and what they have said they want matters more than any trait.[6] See how to choose a gift for anyone.
Related
The quiz uses Openness, Conscientiousness and Extraversion. We also leave out Neuroticism. See the overview How Personality Shapes the Gifts People Love and gift ideas based on personality, or take the quiz.
Sources
- Soto, C. J. & John, O. P. Big Five Inventory-2 Short Form (BFI-2-S), form and scoring key with the 15 facet scales (Berkeley John Lab). Read in full; used only for the names of the domains and facets, not for any research finding: https://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~johnlab/docs.php?file=bfis.pdf
- Olsen, S. O., Tudoran, A. A., Honkanen, P. & Verplanken, B. (2016). Differences and similarities between impulse buying and variety seeking: A personality-based perspective. Psychology & Marketing, 33(1), 36-47. Full text read (accepted manuscript): https://purehost.bath.ac.uk/ws/files/147240500/Olsen_Tudoran_Honkanen_Verplanken_2015_.pdf; publisher DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20853
- Guido, G. (2006). Shopping motives, Big Five factors, and the hedonic/utilitarian shopping value. Innovative Marketing, 2(2), 57-67. Full text read: https://businessperspectives.org/images/pdf/applications/publishing/templates/article/assets/1714/im_en_2006_02_Guido.pdf
- Jonason, P. K., Tost, J. & Koenig, B. L. (2012). Sex differences and personality correlates of spontaneously generated reasons to give gifts. Journal of Social, Evolutionary, and Cultural Psychology, 6(2), 181-192. Abstract only (full text not read): https://doi.org/10.1037/h0099216
- Hirsh, J. B., Kang, S. K. & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2012). Personalized persuasion: Tailoring persuasive appeals to recipients' personality traits. Psychological Science. Full text read (author copy): https://www.sonia-kang.com/pdfs/hirsh-et-al-2012-personalized-persuasion-tailoring-persuasive-appeals-to-recipients-personality-traits.pdf
- Gino, F. & Flynn, F. J. (2011). Give them what they want: The benefits of explicitness in gift exchange. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. Abstract only (no open-access full text found): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2011.03.015
Evidence note: sources marked "full text read" were read in full by our research team; sources marked "abstract only" were not, so claims from them rest on the abstract alone. Almost all of this research concerns what people buy for themselves or how they react to advertising. We did not locate a study that tests a Big Five trait against how recipients rate gifts they receive. That is a gap in what we found, not proof that no such study exists.
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